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Stress Testing Direct Lending
Stress indicators are worsening in direct lending according to Moody’s Ratings which studied 1,900 middle market loans and characterized recent events and volatility as the ‘first real test’ for private credit.
This is the first true test for Direct Lending, and the question is, how will it hold up?
Prior to the GFC, DL was a ~$100B cottage industry. Over the past 18 years, the asset class has grown 18-fold to ~$1.8T, without being stress tested via recession, correction, capital outflows, or tightening liquidity conditions.
The 2020–2025 vintages are likely to prove subpar for DL: aggressive deployment: excessive software exposure as technological change arrived, elevated leverage ratios as companies struggle with debt service, weak documentation as ~35% of upper middle market loans with no/lite-covenants.
The cracks are visible:
- Declining borrower liquidity, rising CCC exposure point to defaults rising
- Elevated PIK usage soars to double digits
- Increasing amend-and-extend (pretend) activity
- Refinancing risk building, especially in software/IT (with >50% maturing in next 3 years)
- Redemption requests rise, capital commitments slowdown
Moody’s recently shifted the outlook for the entire BDC sector to negative (April 7, 2026), citing liquidity pressures and borrower health. BDC bonds spreads widened, costing more for financing will lower returns for shareholders.
This correction is healthy, it will cleanse the excesses and bring greater investment discipline.
Manger dispersion will be significant; portfolio construction, underwriting discipline, and structuring expertise truly matter as we all know that the rush to grow AUM is beta.
Capital Allocators are shrewdly re-underwriting their DL risk, recognizing the large delta in performance that is now likely.
The cast has been set, there will be a highly compelling and differentiated landscape in the years ahead. Direct lending will be stronger.
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